| Abstract 摘要 | Self-organized critical states (SOC) and stochastic oscillations (SO) are simultaneously observed in neural systems, which appears to be theoretically contradictory since SOC is characterized by scale-free avalanche sizes and oscillations indicate typical scales. Here we show that SO can emerge in SOC of small size systems due to temporal correlation between large avalanches at the finite size cut-off, resulting from the accumulation-release process in SOC. In contrast, critical branching process without accumulation-release dynamics cannot exhibit oscillations. The reconciliation of SOC and SO is demonstrated both in the sandpile model and robustly in biologically plausible neuronal networks. The oscillations can be suppressed if external inputs eliminate the prominent slow accumulation process, providing a potential explanation of the Berger effect in neural response. Co-organization of neural oscillations from SOC and its suppression during task processing are confirmed in monkey eye-movement experiment. Our results suggest that finite-size, columnar neural circuits may play an important role in generating neural oscillations around the critical states, potentially enabling functional advantages of both SOC and oscillations for sensitive response to transient stimuli. |
