14:30-15:00自由讨论，备有茶点

Human beings are superorganisms with two genomes, the genetically inherited human genome (25,000 genes) and the environmentally acquired human microbiome (over 1 million genes). The two genomes need to work in harmonious integration to maintain our health. Nutrition plays a crucial role in directly modulating our microbiomes. Especially, bad diets can turn our gut microbiome from partner for health to pathogen for diseases. Many diseases such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are developed as a result of altered balance between these two genomes induced by poorly managed diets. Molecular profiling of gut microbiomes and urine metabolites can provide us new systems approaches for quantitative assessment and monitoring of our health at the whole-body level. These whole-body systems approaches measure human health based on the results of interactions between the two genomes and the environments. Large scale population-based studies with these whole-body level systems methods will generate pre-disease biomarkers with predictive power; thus make preventive health management of populations with rapidly changing diet patterns possible through re-engineering of gut microbiome with designed foods and natural drugs.