Integrability is interesting, often associated with remarkable phenomena such as the existence of infinitely many conserved charges, factorized scattering and exact solvability. On the other hand, it is probably even more interesting to break integrability, giving rise to new phenomena such as particle production, resonance states, and notably, soliton confinements. In this talk, I will first review confinement in Ising field theory and the theoretical works to determine the associated meson spectrum. I will then present recent work in which we explore analogous phenomena in an Ising ladder system. In this setting, we observe similar confinement mechanisms but encounter a richer meson spectrum, including both interchain and intrachain mesons. I will discuss the methods used to determine these spectra and present the key findings of our study.

Inviter: Gang Yang